Trapping a groundhog can be an effective way to deal with these burrowing pests—especially if they’re destroying your garden or nesting under your shed. But doing it the right way is key to success and safety. This guide walks you through exactly how to trap a groundhog, step by step.
Can You Legally Trap a Groundhog?
Yes, but local laws vary. In many areas, groundhogs are considered nuisance wildlife and can be trapped legally. However, some states require permits or have restrictions on relocating trapped animals.
Before you begin, check your state or local wildlife agency for legal requirements.
Best Time to Trap a Groundhog
Early spring and summer are the best times to trap a groundhog. They’re most active during these seasons, especially during the early morning or late afternoon hours. Avoid trapping during hibernation (late fall through winter) when groundhogs rarely surface.
What You’ll Need
To trap a groundhog effectively, gather the following:
- Live cage trap: At least 32 inches long with a sensitive trigger
- Bait: Fresh fruits or vegetables (like cantaloupe, apple slices, carrots, or lettuce)
- Gloves: To reduce human scent and protect yourself
- Old cloth or blanket: To cover the trap after capture and keep the animal calm
Step-by-Step: How to Trap a Groundhog
Step 1: Choose the Right Trap
Use a humane, live-catch cage trap. A one-door trap is simple and effective, but a two-door trap may improve success rates by allowing the groundhog to see through both ends.
Step 2: Pick the Right Location
Place the trap directly near the groundhog’s burrow or along its most-used path. Look for areas with signs like tracks, chewed plants, or fresh dirt.
Step 3: Bait the Trap
Use fresh produce like:
- Cantaloupe (best bait): Place a few chunks at the back of the trap behind the trigger plate
- Apples or carrots: Also work well, especially when combined with sweet fruits
- Lettuce or broccoli: Use to mask the bait and make the setup look natural
Try rubbing the bait on the trap’s entrance to create a scent trail.
Step 4: Set and Camouflage the Trap
Set the trap according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Groundhogs are cautious, so place leaves, grass, or soil around the bottom of the trap to blend it in with the surroundings.
Important: Do not block the door or trigger mechanism when covering the trap.
Step 5: Check the Trap Frequently
Check the trap every few hours. Never leave a groundhog in the trap for too long—it can get stressed or dehydrated. Once captured, gently cover the trap with a blanket to keep the animal calm.
What to Do After Trapping
Relocate or Call a Pro
If relocation is allowed in your area, move the groundhog at least 10 miles from your home to prevent it from returning. Choose a wooded or grassy area away from homes and farms.
If relocation isn’t legal or you’re unsure, contact a local pest control company. They can handle the process professionally and humanely.
Want to know what that might cost? Use this free pest control calculator to estimate your removal expenses fast.
Seal the Burrow
Once the groundhog is removed, block all entry points:
- Fill holes with dirt, gravel, or cement
- Use heavy rocks or hardware cloth to cover entrances
- Install wire mesh around sheds or decks to prevent re-entry
Tips for Better Trapping Results
- Wear gloves to avoid leaving your scent on the trap
- Use cantaloupe juice or rind to create a scent trail leading into the trap
- Be patient—it might take a few days before the groundhog enters the trap
- Reset and rebait the trap daily if there’s no activity
What Not to Do When Trapping a Groundhog
Some mistakes can lead to failure or legal trouble. Here’s what to avoid:
- Don’t use poison: It’s illegal in many areas and dangerous for pets and other wildlife
- Don’t trap without checking local laws: You could face fines or legal issues
- Don’t forget to seal up entry points after removal: Another groundhog may move in
FAQs About Groundhog Trapping
What’s the best bait for trapping a groundhog?
Cantaloupe is the most effective bait. The strong scent and sweet taste attract groundhogs quickly. Apples, carrots, and leafy greens also work well.
Can I trap more than one groundhog?
Yes, but use separate traps or reset the same trap after each capture. Groundhogs are territorial, but if you have more than one, you’ll need to trap them one at a time.
Is it dangerous to trap a groundhog?
Not usually, but always wear gloves and avoid direct contact. Groundhogs can bite if they feel cornered. Once trapped, cover the cage to keep the animal calm until release or pickup.
Conclusion
Trapping a groundhog takes patience, the right setup, and a legal plan for what to do after the catch. With proper bait, placement, and frequent checks, you can remove groundhogs safely and humanely.
Need help figuring out the cost of hiring a professional instead? Try this pest control cost calculator to get a quick, clear estimate based on your needs and location.
Take control now—because the longer a groundhog stays, the more damage it can do to your home and garden.
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